Flucloxacillin is indicated for the treatment of infections due to Gram-positive organisms, including infections caused by penicillinase producing staphylococci. These indications include:
- Skin and soft tissue infections: Boils, abscess, carbuncles, infected skin conditions (e.g. ulcer, eczema, acne, furunculosis, cellulitis, infected wounds, infected burns, otitis media and externa, impetigo).
- Respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, quinsy.
- It is also used for the treatment of other infections i.e. osteomyelitis, enteritis, endocarditis, urinary tract infection, meningitis, septicaemia caused by Flucloxacillin-sensitive organisms.
- As a prophylactic agent, it is used during major surgical procedures where appropriate; for example, cardiothoracic and orthopedic surgery.
Dosage & Administration
Oral administration:
- Adult: 250 mg four times daily. Dosage may be doubled in severe infections. In osteomyelitis and endocarditis, up to 8 gm daily is used in 6-8 hourly divided doses.
- Children (2-10 years): 1/2 of adult dose.
- Children (Under 2 years): 1/4 of adult dose.
Parenteral administration:
Adult or Elderly:
- Intramuscular Injection: 250 mg four times daily.
- Intravenous Injection: 250 mg-1 g four times daily by slow injection over 3 to 4 minutes or by intravenous infusion.
- All systemic doses may be doubled in severe infections: doses up to 8 g daily have been suggested for endocarditis or osteomyelitis.
Children:
- 2-10 years: half of the adult dose.
- Under 2 years: a quarter of the adult dose.
Interaction
Concurrent use of Flucloxacillin and may result in increased level of Flucloxacillin in blood for prolonged period.
Contraindications
Flucloxacillin is contraindicated in penicillin hypersensitive patients.
Side Effects
There have been some common side effects of gastrointestinal tract such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dyspepsia and other minor gastrointestinal disturbances. Besides these rashes, urticaria, purpura, fever, interstitial nephritis, hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice have been reported.
Precautions & Warnings
Flucloxacillin should be used with caution in patients with evidence of hepatic dysfunction. Caution should also be exercised in the treatment of patients with an allergic diathesis.
Therapeutic Class
Narrow spectrum penicillin
Storage Conditions
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.